Shift-Left Testing

<default_to_action> When implementing early testing practices:

1. VALIDATE requirements before coding (testability, BDD scenarios)
2. WRITE tests before implementation (TDD red-green-refactor)
3. AUTOMATE in CI pipeline (every commit triggers tests)
4. FOLLOW test pyramid: Many unit (70%), some integration (20%), few E2E (10%)
5. FIX defects immediately - never let them accumulate

Quick Shift-Left Levels:

• Level 1: Unit tests with each PR (developer responsibility)
• Level 2: TDD practice (tests before code)
• Level 3: BDD/Example mapping in refinement (requirements testing)
• Level 4: Risk analysis in design (architecture testing)

Critical Success Factors:

• Defects found in requirements cost 1x; in production cost 100x
• Every commit must run automated tests
• Quality is built in, not tested in </default_to_action>

Quick Reference Card

When to Use

• Reducing cost of defects
• Implementing CI/CD pipelines
• Starting TDD practice
• Improving requirements quality

Cost of Defects by Phase

Phase	Relative Cost	Example
Requirements	1x	Fix doc: 30 min
Design	5x	Redesign: few hours
Development	10x	Code fix: 1 day
Testing	20x	Fix + retest: 2 days
Production	100x	Hotfix + rollback + investigation

Test Pyramid

       /\        E2E (10%) - Critical user journeys
      /  \
     /    \      Integration (20%) - Component interactions
    /      \
   /________\    Unit (70%) - Fast, isolated, comprehensive

Shift-Left Levels

Level	Practice	When
1	Unit tests in PR	Before merge
2	TDD	Before implementation
3	BDD/Example Mapping	During refinement
4	Risk Analysis	During design

---

Level 1: Tests in Every PR

# CI pipeline - tests run on every commit
name: CI
on: [push, pull_request]
jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - run: npm ci
      - run: npm run test:unit
      - run: npm run test:integration
      - run: npm run lint

  quality-gate:
    needs: test
    steps:
      - name: Coverage Check
        run: npx coverage-check --min 80
      - name: No New Warnings
        run: npm run lint -- --max-warnings 0

---

Level 2: TDD Practice

// Red: Write failing test first
test('calculates discount for orders over $100', () => {
  const order = new Order([{ price: 150 }]);
  expect(order.discount).toBe(15); // 10% off
});

// Green: Minimal implementation
class Order {
  get discount() {
    return this.total > 100 ? this.total * 0.1 : 0;
  }
}

// Refactor: Improve while keeping green

---

Level 3: BDD in Refinement

# Example mapping before coding
Feature: Loyalty Discount
  Scenario: Gold member gets 15% discount
    Given a customer with "gold" membership
    When they checkout with $200 in cart
    Then discount applied is $30
    And order total is $170

  Scenario: New customer gets no discount
    Given a customer with no membership
    When they checkout with $200 in cart
    Then no discount is applied

---

Level 4: Risk Analysis in Design

// During architecture review
await Task("Risk Analysis", {
  phase: 'design',
  component: 'payment-service',
  questions: [
    'What happens when payment gateway times out?',
    'How do we handle duplicate submissions?',
    'What if inventory changed during checkout?'
  ]
}, "qe-requirements-validator");

// Output: Testability requirements, failure mode tests

---

Agent-Assisted Shift-Left

// Validate requirements testability
await Task("Requirements Validation", {
  requirements: userStories,
  check: ['INVEST-criteria', 'testability', 'ambiguity'],
  generateBDD: true
}, "qe-requirements-validator");

// Generate tests from requirements
await Task("Generate Tests", {
  source: 'requirements',
  types: ['unit', 'integration', 'e2e'],
  coverage: 'comprehensive'
}, "qe-test-generator");

// Smart test selection for changes
await Task("Select Regression Tests", {
  changedFiles: prFiles,
  algorithm: 'risk-based',
  targetReduction: 0.7  // 70% time savings
}, "qe-regression-risk-analyzer");

---

Agent Coordination Hints

Memory Namespace

aqe/shift-left/
├── requirements/*       - Validated requirements
├── generated-tests/*    - Auto-generated tests
├── coverage-targets/*   - Coverage goals by component
└── pipeline-results/*   - CI/CD test history

Fleet Coordination

const shiftLeftFleet = await FleetManager.coordinate({
  strategy: 'shift-left',
  agents: [
    'qe-requirements-validator',     // Level 3-4
    'qe-test-generator',             // Level 2
    'qe-regression-risk-analyzer'    // Smart selection
  ],
  topology: 'sequential'
});

---

Related Skills

• tdd-london-chicago - TDD practices
• holistic-testing-pact - Proactive testing
• cicd-pipeline-qe-orchestrator - Pipeline integration
• shift-right-testing - Production feedback

---

Remember

Earlier = Cheaper. Requirements defects cost 1x; production defects cost 100x. Test pyramid: 70% unit, 20% integration, 10% E2E. Every commit runs tests. TDD builds quality in.

With Agents: Agents validate requirements testability, generate tests from specs, and select optimal regression suites. Use agents to implement shift-left practices consistently.