configure-nginx
关于
This skill configures Nginx as a production web server and reverse proxy. It enables static file serving, SSL/TLS termination with Let's Encrypt, load balancing, and proxying to backend services like Node.js or Python. Use it to harden endpoints with security headers, implement rate limiting, or manage traffic to multiple application instances.
快速安装
Claude Code
推荐npx skills add pjt222/agent-almanac -a claude-code/plugin add https://github.com/pjt222/agent-almanacgit clone https://github.com/pjt222/agent-almanac.git ~/.claude/skills/configure-nginx在 Claude Code 中复制并粘贴此命令以安装该技能
技能文档
配 Nginx
設 Nginx 為網服與反代,含 SSL 終與安固。
用
- 生產供靜檔(HTML、CSS、JS)
- 反代至後端(Node.js、Python、Go、R/Shiny)
- 以 Let's Encrypt 終 SSL/TLS
- 諸後端間負載平衡
- 加限率與安頭
入
- 必:部目(Docker 容器或裸機)
- 必:所代後端(host:port)
- 可:SSL 域名
- 可:靜檔目錄
行
一:基反代
nginx.conf:
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
upstream app {
server app:3000;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name example.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://app;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
}
}
Docker Compose 服:
services:
nginx:
image: nginx:1.27-alpine
ports:
- "80:80"
- "443:443"
volumes:
- ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro
depends_on:
- app
得: 80 埠求轉至 app 服。
二:靜檔供
server {
listen 80;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
}
location /assets/ {
expires 1y;
add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
}
location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg|woff2?)$ {
expires 6M;
add_header Cache-Control "public";
}
}
三:SSL/TLS 以 Let's Encrypt
以 certbot webroot 法:
server {
listen 80;
server_name example.com;
location /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {
root /var/www/certbot;
}
location / {
return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name example.com;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem;
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
location / {
proxy_pass http://app;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
}
Docker Compose 含 certbot:
services:
nginx:
image: nginx:1.27-alpine
ports:
- "80:80"
- "443:443"
volumes:
- ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro
- certbot-webroot:/var/www/certbot:ro
- certbot-certs:/etc/letsencrypt:ro
certbot:
image: certbot/certbot
volumes:
- certbot-webroot:/var/www/certbot
- certbot-certs:/etc/letsencrypt
volumes:
certbot-webroot:
certbot-certs:
初證:
docker compose run --rm certbot certonly \
--webroot -w /var/www/certbot \
-d example.com --email [email protected] --agree-tos
得: HTTPS 含有效 Let's Encrypt 證。
敗: 察 DNS 指服。驗 80 埠開以 ACME 挑戰。
四:安頭
server {
# ... SSL config above ...
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
add_header Referrer-Policy "strict-origin-when-cross-origin" always;
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000; includeSubDomains" always;
add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; script-src 'self'; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline';" always;
# Hide Nginx version
server_tokens off;
}
五:限率
http {
# Define rate limit zones
limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api:10m rate=10r/s;
limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=login:10m rate=1r/s;
server {
location /api/ {
limit_req zone=api burst=20 nodelay;
proxy_pass http://app;
}
location /login {
limit_req zone=login burst=5;
proxy_pass http://app;
}
}
}
六:負載平衡
upstream app {
least_conn;
server app1:3000;
server app2:3000;
server app3:3000 backup;
}
| Method | Directive | Behavior |
|---|---|---|
| Round robin | (default) | Equal distribution |
| Least connections | least_conn | Routes to least busy |
| IP hash | ip_hash | Sticky sessions |
| Weighted | server app:3000 weight=3 | Proportional |
七:測配
# Test config syntax
docker compose exec nginx nginx -t
# Reload without downtime
docker compose exec nginx nginx -s reload
# Check response headers
curl -I https://example.com
得: nginx -t 報語正。頭含安頭。
驗
-
nginx -t報配有效 - HTTP 轉 HTTPS(若 SSL 啟)
- 後端服經代可達
- 響中現安頭
- 過求觸限率
- SSL Labs 測得 A+(若公)
忌
- 缺
proxy_set_header Host:後端收誤主機頭→破虛主機與轉。 location序要:Nginx 用最具體匹。exact(=)> prefix(^~)> regex(~)> general prefix。- SSL 證更:設 cron 或計時器以
certbot renew且 Nginx 重載。 - 大求體:默
client_max_body_size1MB。檔上→client_max_body_size 50m;。 - WebSocket 代:須加頭。見
configure-reverse-proxy。
參
configure-reverse-proxy- 多具代模含 WebSocket 與 Traefiksetup-compose-stack- 含 Nginx 之 compose 堆deploy-searxng- 用 Nginx 為 SearXNG 前configure-ingress-networking- K8s ingress(NGINX Ingress 控)
GitHub 仓库
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