plan-spectroscopic-analysis
About
This skill helps developers plan spectroscopic analysis campaigns by guiding them through technique selection, sample preparation, and analysis sequencing. It uses a decision matrix to choose appropriate methods and sequences analyses from non-destructive to destructive. Key features include defining success criteria with cross-validation and optimizing workflow for resource constraints.
Quick Install
Claude Code
Recommendednpx skills add pjt222/agent-almanac -a claude-code/plugin add https://github.com/pjt222/agent-almanacgit clone https://github.com/pjt222/agent-almanac.git ~/.claude/skills/plan-spectroscopic-analysisCopy and paste this command in Claude Code to install this skill
Documentation
計譜析
設譜析役、擇正術、效次之、定成則含交驗策也。
用
- 起未知物析、決用何術→用
- 優析次以保樣為毀術→用
- 取機時前計樣備→用
- 確補術間之交驗→用
- 限資時量機與序術→用
- 訓新析者於系析計→用
入
- 必:析問(構識、量、純評、官能基篩、應監)
- 必:樣述(態、約量、知或疑物類)
- 可:可用機與其能
- 可:本與時限
- 可:安資(毒、應、揮、光感)
- 可:前析資(若已有)
行
一:定析問
擇術前明所需信:
-
別問型:
- 構識:定未知物全分子構。需最廣諸術
- 構驗:驗已知物合預構。需少術、聚診特
- 量析:定已知析物濃或量。需校與線性術 (UV-Vis、含內標 NMR)
- 純評:定樣含雜否、若有則識之。需高靈與分能
- 官能基篩:識何官能基存而不全構定。IR 常足
- 應監:時追化學應進。需速與應況容 (in situ IR、Raman 或 UV-Vis)
-
定成則:明述何為足答。構識:「單構提合諸譜資」。量:「濃定相誤 < 5%」。
-
察已知:匯諸樣前資(元析、應圖、預品、文先)。此縮問減術數。
得:明析問含定成則與已知撮。
敗:問模糊(「徵此樣」)→與請者縮之。模問致散析、費機時。
二:察樣特
評樣以定何術可行:
- 態:固(晶、非晶、粉)、液、溶、氣、薄膜或生組。各態限可行樣備與術。
- 可用量:估全樣質或容。某術需毫克 (NMR)、他用微克 (MS) 或毫毫克 (SERS)。
- 溶:試或估於常溶劑(水、甲醇、DMSO、氯仿、己烷)之溶。NMR 需氘溶;UV-Vis 需透溶。
- 穩:評熱穩 (GC-MS 需揮)、光穩 (Raman 用激光)、氣/濕感 (KBr 丸備)、溶穩 (時依測)。
- 安險:注毒、燃、應、輻。影處則、可排某術 (如揮毒物無封不宜開氣 Raman)。
- 預分量範:小有機 (< 1000 Da) 對聚物/生分子 (> 1000 Da) 需異 MS 離法與 NMR 取策。
得:樣徵撮列態、量、溶、穩、險、分量範。
敗:樣不可徵 (如量太小不能試溶)→保策:始於非毀少樣術 (Raman、ATR-IR)、初果後再評。
三:以決陣擇術
按析問與樣特擇最信術:
| Technique | Best For | Sample Needs | Destructive? | Sensitivity | Key Limitations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1H NMR | H connectivity, integration, coupling | 1--10 mg in deuterated solvent | No | mg | Requires solubility, insensitive |
| 13C NMR | Carbon skeleton, functional groups | 10--50 mg in deuterated solvent | No | mg | Very insensitive, long acquisition |
| 2D NMR | Full connectivity, stereochemistry | 5--20 mg in deuterated solvent | No | mg | Hours of instrument time |
| IR (ATR) | Functional group ID | Any solid/liquid, minimal prep | No | ug | Water interference, fingerprint overlap |
| IR (KBr) | Functional group ID, transmission | 1--2 mg solid in KBr pellet | No* | ug | Moisture sensitive, sample mixed |
| Raman | Symmetric modes, aqueous samples | Any state, no prep for solids | No | ug--mg | Fluorescence, photodegradation |
| EI-MS | Volatile small molecules, fragmentation | ug, must be volatile | Yes (GC-MS) | ng--ug | Requires volatility |
| ESI-MS | Polar/large molecules, MW determination | Solution in volatile solvent | Yes | pg--ng | Adduct complexity, ion suppression |
| MALDI-MS | Polymers, proteins, large molecules | Solid + matrix | Yes | fmol | Matrix interference below 500 Da |
| UV-Vis | Chromophores, quantitation | Solution, ug--mg | No | ug | Limited structural information |
*IR with KBr is non-destructive to the molecule but the sample cannot be easily recovered from the pellet.
- 配問於術:構識常需 NMR + MS + IR 至少。官能基篩唯需 IR。量於 UV-Vis 或 NMR 最佳。
- 察可行:對候術與步二樣特。除不容(如非揮物之 GC-MS、順磁樣之 NMR)。
- 按信密序:餘術按答此問之信量序之。
- 計本與供:諸術同信→擇速、廉、易得者。
得:選術序列含各擇由與排術之由。
敗:無單術足(構識常然)→計含補術合答問。無適術→注限、薦他析徑(如衍化使樣宜 GC-MS)。
四:各術計樣備
各擇術定備需:
- NMR 備:1--50 mg 樣溶於 0.5--0.7 mL 氘溶。按溶與譜窗擇溶劑:
| Solvent | 1H Residual | Use When |
|---|---|---|
| CDCl3 | 7.26 ppm | Non-polar to moderately polar compounds |
| DMSO-d6 | 2.50 ppm | Polar compounds, broad solubility |
| D2O | 4.79 ppm | Water-soluble compounds, peptides |
| CD3OD | 3.31 ppm | Polar organic compounds |
| C6D6 | 7.16 ppm | Aromatic region overlap avoidance |
-
IR 備:按樣態擇法:
- ATR:固或液直置晶上。最速、備少
- KBr 丸:磨 1--2 mg 樣於 100--200 mg 乾 KBr、壓為透盤
- 溶池:溶於 IR 透溶(CCl4、CS2)。透窗有限
- 薄膜:自溶澆於 NaCl 或 KBr 窗。宜聚物、油
-
MS 備:配離法於樣:
- EI (GC-MS):樣需揮。溶於揮溶(二氯甲烷、己烷)
- ESI (LC-MS):溶於 ESI 容溶(甲醇/水、乙腈/水含 0.1% 甲酸)
- MALDI:與適矩 (DHB、CHCA、芥酸) 混、乾於靶板
-
UV-Vis 備:溶於 UV 透溶。調濃使 lambda-max 吸於 0.1 至 1.0 間。樣參用配池。
-
Raman 備:多樣需備少。固可裸測。液於玻管(玻 Raman 散弱)。避螢容。水溶 Raman 行(水 Raman 散弱)。
得:各擇術之備則含溶擇、需量、特處。
敗:樣不足諸計術→按步三信序序。樣於諸適溶皆不溶→計固態術 (ATR-IR、Raman、固 NMR、MALDI-MS)。
五:定析序與交驗策
序析以保樣與最大信流:
-
按毀性序:非毀術先、毀術末。
- 首層 (非毀、無備):Raman、ATR-IR
- 次層 (非毀、需備):UV-Vis、NMR (樣常可蒸溶劑回收)
- 末層 (毀或耗樣):MS (ESI、EI/GC-MS、MALDI)
-
信流:用早果精晚析:
- IR/Raman 官能基資助擇佳 NMR 驗(如 IR 無羰→略羰聚 13C 析)
- MS 分式助釋 NMR(積比、預峰數)
- NMR 連資助釋 MS 碎
-
定交驗點:識諸術果當合處:
- 分式:MS(分子離)必合 NMR(H、C 數)與元析
- 官能基:IR 析配當合 NMR 化位與 MS 碎
- 不飽和度:自式(MS)算當合所察環與雙鍵(NMR、UV-Vis)
-
計變:定初果模時當行何加驗:
- NMR 示未期繁→行 2D 驗 (COSY、HSQC、HMBC)
- MS 分子離模→試他離法或求 HRMS
- IR 為一官能基所主→試 Raman 補
-
記計:書析計含術序、樣備、預返時、變驗決點。
得:完序析計含備則、交驗則、變備已記。
敗:計因樣或機限不可成→明記限、提最佳可行子集。
驗
- 析問明定含明成則
- 樣特已察(態、量、溶、穩、險)
- 用決陣擇術、含由
- 不可行術已識排與由
- 各擇術之樣備已計
- 析序自非毀至毀
- 補術間定交驗點
- 模果之變驗已識
- 全樣耗已估、對可用量驗
忌
- 略計段:直赴最近機費樣費時。即 15 分計省數時重析
- 習擇非需:非皆需 NMR。簡官能基驗唯需 IR。配術於問
- 輕樣需:析中盡樣可避。前算全需加 20% 留
- 毀術先:GC-MS 先於 NMR 則 NMR 樣需自他份。非毀先以最大每毫克信
- 忽溶相容:DMSO-d6 NMR 樣難為 GC-MS(非揮)。諸術計溶擇
- 無交驗策:無定查點則異術矛盾果至末釋未察
參
interpret-nmr-spectrum-- 釋按此計取之 NMR 資interpret-ir-spectrum-- 釋按此計取之 IR 資interpret-mass-spectrum-- 釋按此計取之 MS 資interpret-uv-vis-spectrum-- 釋按此計取之 UV-Vis 資interpret-raman-spectrum-- 釋按此計取之 Raman 資validate-analytical-method-- 驗此計擇之量法
GitHub Repository
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