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test-cli-application

pjt222
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Testingtesting

About

This skill helps developers write integration tests for Node.js CLI applications using the built-in node:test module. It covers testing command execution, output validation, filesystem state verification, error handling, and cleanup procedures. Use it when adding tests to existing CLIs, testing new commands, or setting up CI for CLI tools.

Quick Install

Claude Code

Recommended
Primary
npx skills add pjt222/agent-almanac -a claude-code
Plugin CommandAlternative
/plugin add https://github.com/pjt222/agent-almanac
Git CloneAlternative
git clone https://github.com/pjt222/agent-almanac.git ~/.claude/skills/test-cli-application

Copy and paste this command in Claude Code to install this skill

Documentation

测试 CLI 应用

使用带 execSync 的内置 node:test 模块为 Node.js CLI 编写集成测试。

适用场景

  • 向现有 CLI 应用添加测试
  • 测试新创建的命令
  • 跨目标框架验证适配器/插件行为
  • 设置验证 CLI 正确性的 CI
  • 在重构 CLI 内部后捕捉回归

输入

  • 必需:CLI 入口点路径(如 cli/index.js
  • 必需:要测试的命令
  • 可选:要测试的框架适配器(dry-run 模式)
  • 可选:清理要求(测试创建的文件/符号链接)

步骤

第 1 步:设置测试基础设施

import { describe, it, before, after } from 'node:test';
import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
import { execSync } from 'child_process';
import { existsSync, rmSync } from 'fs';
import { resolve } from 'path';

const CLI = 'node cli/index.js';
const ROOT = process.cwd();

function run(args) {
  return execSync(`${CLI} ${args}`, {
    cwd: ROOT,
    encoding: 'utf8',
    timeout: 10000,
  });
}

关键设计决策:

  • node:test 是内置的 —— 无需测试运行器依赖
  • execSync 将 CLI 作为子进程运行 —— 测试实际二进制,非内部函数
  • 10 秒超时防止在交互提示上挂起
  • encoding: 'utf8' 给字符串输出用于正则匹配
  • 所有路径相对 ROOT 以求可重复性

预期结果:node:test 导入并有可工作 run() 辅助器的测试文件。

失败处理:node:test 不可用,您的 Node.js 版本低于 18。升级或使用 polyfill。

第 2 步:编写冒烟测试

冒烟测试验证 CLI 启动、解析参数并产出预期输出形状:

describe('meta', () => {
  it('shows version', () => {
    const out = run('--version');
    assert.match(out, /\d+\.\d+\.\d+/);
  });

  it('shows help with all commands', () => {
    const out = run('--help');
    assert.match(out, /install/);
    assert.match(out, /list/);
    assert.match(out, /detect/);
  });
});

describe('registry', () => {
  it('list shows expected counts', () => {
    const out = run('list --domains');
    assert.match(out, /\d+ domains/);
  });

  it('search finds known items', () => {
    const out = run('search "docker"');
    assert.match(out, /result\(s\) for "docker"/);
  });

  it('search returns 0 for nonsense', () => {
    const out = run('search "xyzzy-nonexistent"');
    assert.match(out, /0 result/);
  });
});

冒烟测试模式:

  • --version--help 始终工作
  • 注册表加载验证数据完整性
  • 用已知和未知术语搜索

预期结果: 冒烟测试确认 CLI 功能正常且数据已加载。

失败处理: 若注册表计数频繁变化,使用 \d+ 而非硬编码数字。

第 3 步:编写生命周期测试

生命周期测试验证带清理的 create → verify → delete 序列:

describe('install', () => {
  const testPath = resolve(ROOT, '.agents/skills/commit-changes');

  after(() => {
    // Always clean up, even if tests fail
    try { rmSync(testPath); } catch {}
    try { rmSync(resolve(ROOT, '.agents/skills'), { recursive: true }); } catch {}
    try { rmSync(resolve(ROOT, '.agents'), { recursive: true }); } catch {}
  });

  it('dry-run does not create files', () => {
    const out = run('install commit-changes --dry-run');
    assert.match(out, /DRY RUN/);
    assert.ok(!existsSync(testPath));
  });

  it('installs creates the target', () => {
    run('install commit-changes');
    assert.ok(existsSync(testPath));
  });

  it('skips already installed', () => {
    const out = run('install commit-changes');
    assert.match(out, /skipped/);
  });

  it('uninstall removes the target', () => {
    run('uninstall commit-changes');
    assert.ok(!existsSync(testPath));
  });
});

清理规则:

  • after() hook,不用 afterEach() —— 生命周期测试相互构建
  • try/catch 包裹清理 —— 清理不能让测试套件失败
  • 从叶到根清理(文件 → 父目录 → 祖父目录)
  • 若测试修改共享状态(符号链接、配置文件),恢复它

预期结果: 测试在 describe 块内顺序运行,即使失败清理也运行。

失败处理: 若测试并行运行(node:test 中非默认),用 { concurrency: 1 } 强制顺序。

第 4 步:为每个适配器编写 Dry-Run 测试

测试每个适配器的目标路径而不进行变更:

describe('adapter: cursor (dry-run)', () => {
  it('targets .cursor/skills/ path', () => {
    const out = run('install commit-changes --framework cursor --dry-run');
    assert.match(out, /\.cursor\/skills/i);
  });
});

describe('adapter: copilot (dry-run)', () => {
  it('targets .github/ path', () => {
    const out = run('install commit-changes --framework copilot --dry-run');
    assert.match(out, /\.github/i);
  });
});

此模式可扩展到任意数量适配器。每个测试:

  • --framework 绕过自动检测
  • --dry-run 使无文件被创建
  • 断言目标路径出现在输出中

预期结果: 每个适配器一个 describe 块,每个至少有路径断言。

失败处理: 若适配器在项目中不存在,测试将以 "Unknown framework" 失败。这正确 —— 适配器测试应仅对已实现适配器存在。

第 5 步:编写错误情况测试

describe('errors', () => {
  it('rejects unknown items', () => {
    assert.throws(
      () => run('install nonexistent-skill-xyz'),
      /No matching items|Unknown/,
    );
  });

  it('rejects unknown framework', () => {
    assert.throws(
      () => run('install commit-changes --framework nonexistent'),
      /Unknown framework/,
    );
  });

  it('handles missing state gracefully', () => {
    assert.throws(
      () => run('scatter nonexistent-team'),
      /not burning|Unknown/,
    );
  });
});

错误测试模式:

  • assert.throws 捕捉来自 execSync 的非零退出码
  • 在错误消息上正则匹配(从 stderr 捕获)
  • 测试 "项未找到" 和 "无效选项" 错误
  • 验证错误消息建议纠正行动

预期结果: 所有错误路径产出非零退出码和有帮助消息。

失败处理: execSync 在非零退出时抛出。错误的 stderrstdout 包含消息。若 assert.throws 正则不匹配,检查 error.stdout

第 6 步:编写 JSON 输出测试

describe('json output', () => {
  it('campfire --json outputs valid JSON', () => {
    const out = run('campfire --json');
    const data = JSON.parse(out);
    assert.ok(typeof data.totalTeams === 'number');
    assert.ok(Array.isArray(data.fires));
  });

  it('gather --dry-run --json outputs structured data', () => {
    const out = run('gather tending --dry-run --json');
    // JSON may follow a DRY RUN header — extract from first '{'
    const jsonStart = out.indexOf('{');
    assert.ok(jsonStart >= 0, 'Should contain JSON');
    const data = JSON.parse(out.slice(jsonStart));
    assert.equal(data.team, 'tending');
  });
});

JSON 测试陷阱:

  • 某些命令以人类可读文本前缀 JSON(如 DRY RUN 头)
  • 通过查找第一个 { 字符提取 JSON
  • 验证结构(键存在、类型),非精确值
  • 像计数的值可能随内容添加而变化

预期结果: JSON 输出可解析且包含预期键。

失败处理:JSON.parse 失败,命令可能将人类文本与 JSON 混合。要么修复命令在 --json 模式输出纯 JSON,要么提取 JSON 子串。

第 7 步:处理清理和状态恢复

describe('stateful commands', () => {
  const stateDir = resolve(ROOT, '.agent-almanac');

  after(() => {
    // Remove state file created by tests
    try { rmSync(stateDir, { recursive: true }); } catch {}
  });

  // Tests that create/modify state...
});

// Restore symlinks that destructive tests may remove
describe('destructive tests', () => {
  after(() => {
    // Restore symlinks that scatter/uninstall removed
    const skills = ['heal', 'meditate', 'remote-viewing'];
    for (const skill of skills) {
      const link = resolve(ROOT, `.claude/skills/${skill}`);
      if (!existsSync(link)) {
        try {
          execSync(`ln -s ../../skills/${skill} ${link}`, { cwd: ROOT });
        } catch {}
      }
    }
  });
});

状态恢复规则:

  • 状态文件(.agent-almanac/state.json)必须在测试后清理
  • scatter/uninstall 移除的符号链接必须恢复
  • init 创建的 manifest 文件(agent-almanac.yml)必须移除
  • 顺序:after() hook 按声明顺序反向运行 —— 最后声明恢复 hook

预期结果: 测试套件让项目处于发现时的相同状态。

失败处理: 若 CI 在测试运行后报告剩余文件,将清理添加到 after()。在测试运行后用 git status 检测泄漏状态。

验证清单

  • 测试文件用 node --test cli/test/cli.test.js 运行
  • 所有测试通过(0 失败)
  • 冒烟测试涵盖 --version--help 和注册表加载
  • 生命周期测试验证带清理的 create → verify → delete
  • 每个已实现适配器至少存在一个适配器 dry-run 测试
  • 错误情况用消息匹配测试非零退出码
  • JSON 输出测试解析实际输出(非模拟)
  • After hook 恢复测试修改的所有状态

常见问题

  • 会损坏的硬编码计数:注册表总数随内容添加变化。用 \d+ 正则或动态读取计数,而非断言 329 skills
  • 依赖执行顺序的测试node:test 默认按声明顺序运行套件,但套件内的测试可能不。在单一 describe 内使用生命周期套件(create → verify → delete)保证顺序。
  • 测试失败时缺失清理:若测试在生命周期中间失败,after() 仍运行。但若您在 before() 中抛出,后续测试和 after() 可能不运行。保持 before() 最少。
  • 交互提示挂起测试:带确认提示的命令将挂起 execSync。要么 echo y | 管道,要么确保测试中始终传递 --yes
  • CI 中实际安装测试:在 .claude/skills/.agents/skills/ 中创建文件的测试修改工作树。CI 可能在 "脏工作目录" 检查上失败。始终清理。

相关技能

  • scaffold-cli-command —— 构建这些测试验证的命令
  • build-cli-plugin —— 构建第 4 步测试的适配器
  • design-cli-output —— 测试断言对照的输出模式

GitHub Repository

pjt222/agent-almanac
Path: i18n/zh-CN/skills/test-cli-application
0
agentsagentskillsai-assisted-developmentclaude-codeskillsteams

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