create-r-dockerfile
About
This skill generates optimized Dockerfiles for R projects using rocker base images. It handles system dependencies, R package installation, and renv integration with layer ordering for efficient rebuilds. Use it when containerizing R applications, creating reproducible environments, or deploying R-based services like Shiny or Plumber.
Quick Install
Claude Code
Recommendednpx skills add pjt222/agent-almanac -a claude-code/plugin add https://github.com/pjt222/agent-almanacgit clone https://github.com/pjt222/agent-almanac.git ~/.claude/skills/create-r-dockerfileCopy and paste this command in Claude Code to install this skill
Documentation
造 R Dockerfile
用 rocker 基像構 R 案 Dockerfile 含正依理。
用
- 容器化 R 應或析
- 建可重 R 境
- 部 R 基服(Shiny、Plumber、MCP server)
- 設一致發境
入
- 必:含依之 R 案(DESCRIPTION 或 renv.lock)
- 必:目(發、產、或服)
- 可:R 版(默:最新穩)
- 可:所需額系庫
行
一:擇基像
| 用 | 基像 | 寸 |
|---|---|---|
| 最小 R 行 | rocker/r-ver:4.5.0 | ~800MB |
| 含 tidyverse | rocker/tidyverse:4.5.0 | ~1.8GB |
| 含 RStudio Server | rocker/rstudio:4.5.0 | ~1.9GB |
| Shiny server | rocker/shiny-verse:4.5.0 | ~2GB |
得: 擇合案需而無冗之基像。
敗: 疑→始於 rocker/r-ver(最小)、需方加包。察 rocker-org 全像錄。
二:書 Dockerfile
FROM rocker/r-ver:4.5.0
# Install system dependencies
# Group by purpose for clarity
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
# HTTP/SSL
libcurl4-openssl-dev \
libssl-dev \
# XML processing
libxml2-dev \
# Git integration
libgit2-dev \
libssh2-1-dev \
# Graphics
libfontconfig1-dev \
libharfbuzz-dev \
libfribidi-dev \
libfreetype6-dev \
libpng-dev \
libtiff5-dev \
libjpeg-dev \
# Utilities
git \
curl \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
# Install R packages
# Order: least-changing first for cache efficiency
RUN R -e "install.packages(c( \
'remotes', \
'devtools', \
'renv' \
), repos='https://cloud.r-project.org/')"
# Set working directory
WORKDIR /workspace
# Copy renv files first (cache layer)
COPY renv.lock renv.lock
COPY renv/activate.R renv/activate.R
# Restore packages from lockfile
RUN R -e "renv::restore()"
# Copy project files
COPY . .
# Default command
CMD ["R"]
得: Dockerfile 以 docker build -t myproject . 成構。
敗: apt-get install 中敗→察包名合目發行(Debian)。renv::restore() 敗→保 renv.lock 與 renv/activate.R 復前已複。
三:建 .dockerignore
.git
.Rproj.user
.Rhistory
.RData
renv/library
renv/cache
renv/staging
docs/
*.tar.gz
得: .dockerignore 自 Docker 脈除 Git 史、IDE 檔、地 renv 庫、構品。
敗: Docker 構仍複餘檔→驗 .dockerignore 於 Dockerfile 同目、用正 glob 模。
四:構與試
docker build -t r-project:latest .
docker run --rm -it r-project:latest R -e "sessionInfo()"
得: 容器起含正 R 版與諸可用包。sessionInfo() 出確期 R 版。
敗: 察構誌之系依誤。加缺 -dev 包於 apt-get install。
五:優為產
產部用多段構:
# Build stage
FROM rocker/r-ver:4.5.0 AS builder
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y libcurl4-openssl-dev libssl-dev
COPY renv.lock .
RUN R -e "install.packages('renv'); renv::restore()"
# Runtime stage
FROM rocker/r-ver:4.5.0
COPY --from=builder /usr/local/lib/R/site-library /usr/local/lib/R/site-library
COPY . /app
WORKDIR /app
CMD ["Rscript", "main.R"]
得: 多段構生小終像。行段僅含編 R 包、非構具。
敗: 行段包載敗→保 COPY --from=builder 之庫路合 R 裝包處。兩段以 R -e ".libPaths()" 察。
驗
-
docker build無誤畢 - 容器起 R 段行
- 諸需包可用
-
.dockerignore除餘檔 - 像寸合用
- 僅碼變時重構速(層快行)
忌
- 缺系依:R 含編碼之包需
-dev庫。察install.packages()誤訊 - 層快失效:諸檔於裝包前複→碼每變必失快。先複鎖檔
- 大像:
apt-get install後rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*。考多段構 - 時區問:加
ENV TZ=UTC或裝tzdata為時區覺操 - 行為 root:產加非 root 用:
RUN useradd -m appuser && USER appuser
例
# Development container with mounted source
docker run --rm -it -v $(pwd):/workspace r-project:latest R
# Plumber API service
docker run -d -p 8000:8000 r-api:latest
# Shiny app
docker run -d -p 3838:3838 r-shiny:latest
參
setup-docker-compose- 調多容器containerize-mcp-server- MCP R 服專optimize-docker-build-cache- 進快策manage-renv-dependencies- renv.lock 入 Docker 構
GitHub Repository
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