Back to Skills

troubleshoot-print-issues

pjt222
Updated 6 days ago
20 views
17
2
17
View on GitHub
Designai

About

This skill diagnoses and fixes common 3D printing failures like adhesion issues, stringing, and warping through systematic symptom analysis. It's designed for use when prints fail mid-process, exhibit quality defects, or after hardware/material changes. The tool provides a structured "symptom → cause → fix" methodology for FDM and SLA printers.

Quick Install

Claude Code

Recommended
Primary
npx skills add pjt222/agent-almanac -a claude-code
Plugin CommandAlternative
/plugin add https://github.com/pjt222/agent-almanac
Git CloneAlternative
git clone https://github.com/pjt222/agent-almanac.git ~/.claude/skills/troubleshoot-print-issues

Copy and paste this command in Claude Code to install this skill

Documentation

排印疾

按徵診 3D 印之常敗、修之。涵 FDM、SLA:附敗、絲、層移、翹、欠擠、過擠、印疵。法為徵→因→修。

  • 印於首層或中敗→用
  • 印成而疵(絲、瘤、隙、表糙)→用
  • 尺誤(過大/小、翹、象足)→用
  • 層黏疾(剝、裂)→用
  • 支拆損或印中支敗→用
  • 印與切片預示異→用
  • 料行不一→用
  • 新料、新機、新環致疾→用

  • failure_description:何敗(首層、絲、翹)
  • failure_timing:何時(首、中、特高、頂)
  • material:絲/樹型、牌、齡、藏況
  • printer:機型、嘴徑、床、罩
  • recent_changes:新料、切片設、硬改、環
  • print_history:此模常成乎?此料前成乎?

一:集敗徵

具體錄可察徵:

目察

  • 攝敗影(全、近、特疵)
  • 記敗位(首層、特高、頂)
  • 述疵類:隙、瘤、絲、移、裂

環數

  • 印時室溫
  • 濕度
  • 風或冷氣擾機
  • 時辰(溫變)

印參

# Extract from G-code metadata
grep "^;MAXX\|^;MINX\|^;MAXZ" failed_print.gcode  # Print dimensions
grep "^;PRINT_TIME:" failed_print.gcode  # Estimated time
grep "^M104\|^M140" failed_print.gcode | head -5  # Temperatures
grep "^;generated by" failed_print.gcode  # Slicer version

得:詳徵附影、參、環。

敗:徵不明→印校驗(溫塔、絲試、benchy)以系統復現。

二:按徵分類

合徵於常敗式:

診表

速察速修
黏床差床污、溫誤、Z 過高拭床、平床清床、Z 偏移下 0.05mm
過熱、抽不足察嘴溫降 5°C、增抽 +0.5mm
層移帶鬆、過速、撞察帶緊緊帶、減速 20%
黏差、冷快察角抬加邊、罩機、增床溫
欠擠塞、低溫、流誤察擠均清嘴、增 5°C、校 e-steps
過擠流高、e-steps 誤察瘤生減流 2-5%、校 e-steps
象足首層壓、床過熱量底寬升 Z 偏移 +0.05mm、降床 5°C
壁隙壁薄、欠擠察壁厚啟薄壁辨、增流
層剝低溫、冷差、污察層紋增 5-10°C、察料濕
瘤/痘抽、滑設察縫對調抽、啟滑
頂糙頂層少、無熨數頂實層加 2 頂層、啟熨
垂懸冷不足、過熱察件冷扇增冷、降溫、加支

得:敗歸 1-3 類。

敗:多類合→按時序排(首層先、中次、頂後)。

三:根因析

察底因,非僅徵:

五問法

Symptom: Print warping and lifting from bed
Why? → Poor bed adhesion in corners
Why? → Corners cooling faster than center
Why? → Room draft from AC vent
Why? → No enclosure to maintain stable temperature
Why? → ABS requires heated chamber for uniform cooling

Root cause: Material choice (ABS) incompatible with open printer in drafty room

常根因按類

  • 帶、輪、止釘鬆
  • 軸承/軌污磨
  • Z 軸澀或失正
  • 擠輪磨或滑

  • 溫感漂或敗
  • 床功不足
  • 件冷不足
  • 環溫變

  • 濕絲(吸濕料)
  • 老絲
  • 污絲(塵、油)
  • 用誤

  • e-steps 校誤
  • 流乘誤
  • 切片病或檔誤
  • 韌速/震過高

得:根因辨明、有證(溫、帶緊、目察)。

敗:根因不明→消去法:先修最可能、復試、迭至解。

四:施一階修

黏床差

速修

# 1. Clean bed thoroughly
# Glass/PEI: Isopropyl alcohol 90%+
# BuildTak: Warm water and dish soap

# 2. Level bed (paper test at 4 corners + center)
# Paper should drag slightly

# 3. Adjust Z-offset down (squish first layer more)
# Start: -0.05mm increments until lines fuse

# 4. Increase bed temperature +5°C

# 5. Add adhesion aid:
# - Glue stick (PLA/PETG)
# - Hairspray (ABS)
# - ABS juice (ABS) - ABS dissolved in acetone
# - Magigoo/3D printing adhesive

切片設

  • 首層高:0.2-0.3mm(厚→壓佳)
  • 首層速:20mm/s(緩→黏佳)
  • 加邊:8-10mm 於小底件
  • 加筏:難料(TPU、Nylon)

得:首層全黏無抬。

敗:以塞尺或網平驗床平;床翹須玻/PEI 板或網補。

先溫法

1. Print temperature tower (180-220°C in 5° steps for PLA)
2. Identify lowest temperature that extrudes cleanly
3. Use that temperature -5°C to minimize stringing

抽調

# Direct drive extruder:
retraction_distance: 1.0-2.0mm
retraction_speed: 40-50mm/s

# Bowden extruder:
retraction_distance: 4.0-6.0mm
retraction_speed: 40-60mm/s

# If stringing persists:
- Enable z-hop: 0.2-0.4mm (lifts nozzle during travel)
- Reduce travel speed (paradoxically helps)
- Enable combing mode (travels within infill)

得:絲微,可手除細絲。

敗:察嘴半塞或料濕(皆致溢)。

層移

機察

# 1. Check belt tension (should twang like guitar string)
# Tighten if loose

# 2. Check pulley set screws (motor shafts)
# Must align with flat on motor shaft

# 3. Check for mechanical resistance
# Manually move X/Y axes - should glide smoothly
# Binding indicates dirty rods, worn bearings, or misalignment

# 4. Check stepper motor current (advanced)
# Too low → skipping; too high → overheating

降速

# Reduce these speeds:
perimeter_speed: 40mm/s (from 50)
travel_speed: 120mm/s (from 150)
acceleration: 500mm/s² (from 1000)
jerk: 8mm/s (from 15)

得:緊帶、降速後重印無移。

敗:察切片致撞(冷扇撞模)或電疾(驅過熱)。

熱管

# Increase bed temperature:
PLA: 60°C → 65°C
PETG: 80°C → 85°C
ABS: 100°C → 110°C

# Disable/reduce part cooling:
first_layer_fan: 0%
regular_fan: 25% max (ABS), 50% (PETG), 100% (PLA)

# Enclose printer (critical for ABS/ASA):
- Cardboard box (temporary)
- Acrylic panels (permanent)
- Target chamber temp: 40-50°C

增黏

  • 加邊:10-15mm 於角
  • 加「鼠耳」:15mm 圓於利角
  • 模底斜邊(45° × 1mm 除應力集中)

得:件平、無抬角。

敗:料於機本不宜(無罩印 ABS)→改 PETG 或 ASA。

欠擠

速修

# 1. Check for nozzle clog
# Heat to print temp, manually push filament
# Should extrude smoothly

# 2. Cold pull cleaning (if partial clog)
# Heat to 220°C, push cleaning filament through
# Cool to 90°C, pull sharply - should remove debris

# 3. Increase temperature +5-10°C
# Higher temp = better flow

# 4. Increase flow rate 2-5%
# Slicer: Filament settings → Flow → 102-105%

E-steps 校

# 1. Mark filament 120mm above extruder
# 2. Extrude 100mm: G1 E100 F100
# 3. Measure remaining distance to mark
# 4. Calculate: new_steps = current_steps × (100 / actual_extruded)
# 5. Set: M92 E<new_steps>; M500 (save to EEPROM)

得:擠均、壁與填無隙。

敗:察熱漂(冷扇敗)、擠輪磨、擠臂裂。

過擠

減流

# Reduce flow in 2% increments:
extrusion_multiplier: 0.98 → 0.96 → 0.94

# Signs of correct flow:
- Smooth top surface (not overstuffed)
- Perimeters don't bulge outward
- Infill doesn't overfill and push layers apart

尺驗

# Print 20mm calibration cube
# Measure with calipers:
# X/Y dimensions should be 20.0mm ± 0.1mm
# If consistently oversized → reduce flow
# If undersized → increase flow

得:尺準、表平、無凸。

敗:重校 e-steps(或設過高)。

五:以試印驗修

未全印前確認解:

試印擇

  • 黏疾:20mm 方 × 5 層(速首層試)
  • :絲試模(雙塔附移)
  • 層移:高瘦試(壓機系)
  • :大平面(200mm × 200mm × 0.4mm)
  • :20mm 校方(尺準)

得:試印成、疾解。

敗:試印敗→未全解或多疾並存→重診於餘徵。

六:錄解

錄成修以備來考:

疾錄式

date: 2026-02-16
issue: "Layer shifts at 50mm height"
symptoms: "X-axis shifts 10mm, happens consistently at same height"
printer: "Ender 3 V2"
material: "PETG, PolyMaker PolyLite"
root_cause: "Loose X-axis belt, pulley set screw not on flat"
solution:
  - "Tightened X-axis belt to 120Hz resonance"
  - "Realigned pulley set screw on motor shaft flat"
  - "Reduced print speed to 40mm/s perimeter"
verification: "Printed 100mm test cylinder - no shifts"
notes: "Check belt tension monthly, pulley tends to slip"

得:疾、根因、解皆錄入庫。

敗:不成之嘗試亦錄,免重蹈。

  • 敗徵附影與具察錄
  • 用診表分類
  • 根因辨明(機、熱、料、設)
  • 按根因施修
  • 全印前以試印驗
  • 解錄於疾錄附日、因、解
  • 環因錄(溫、濕、風)
  • 料況察(乾、無污、藏正)

  1. 多變並改:一參一改;否則不知何修
  2. 忽濕絲:吸濕料(Nylon、TPU、PETG)吸水致泡、絲、黏差→必先疑
  3. 略機察:帶鬆、件磨之疾,切片無計可施
  4. 網上溫:每機料合獨特→必行己之溫塔
  5. 帶過緊:→承過磨;如琴弦緊,非鋼纜
  6. 怪切片:切片病鮮;95% 為機、熱、料因
  7. 不清嘴:半塞致欠擠似流/e-step 疾
  8. 假床平:床久翹、簧壓、調滑→週重平
  9. Z 偏移誤:首層敗多為過高(壓不足)或過低(嘴刮床)
  10. 忽環:ABS/ASA 於 15°C 風車庫永不成→料須穩暖境

  • prepare-print-model:模備正以免印疾
  • select-print-material:擇料合機與境
  • 校 3D 印機(未來):e-steps、流、溫塔、PID 調、床網平
  • 養 3D 印機(未來):帶緊、軸潤、嘴換、預養

GitHub Repository

pjt222/agent-almanac
Path: i18n/wenyan-ultra/skills/troubleshoot-print-issues
0
agentsagentskillsai-assisted-developmentclaude-codeskillsteams

Related Skills

executing-plans

Design

Use the executing-plans skill when you have a complete implementation plan to execute in controlled batches with review checkpoints. It loads and critically reviews the plan, then executes tasks in small batches (default 3 tasks) while reporting progress between each batch for architect review. This ensures systematic implementation with built-in quality control checkpoints.

View skill

requesting-code-review

Design

This skill dispatches a code-reviewer subagent to analyze code changes against requirements before proceeding. It should be used after completing tasks, implementing major features, or before merging to main. The review helps catch issues early by comparing the current implementation with the original plan.

View skill

connect-mcp-server

Design

This skill provides a comprehensive guide for developers to connect MCP servers to Claude Code using HTTP, stdio, or SSE transports. It covers installation, configuration, authentication, and security for integrating external services like GitHub, Notion, and custom APIs. Use it when setting up MCP integrations, configuring external tools, or working with Claude's Model Context Protocol.

View skill

web-cli-teleport

Design

This skill helps developers choose between Claude Code Web and CLI interfaces based on task analysis, then enables seamless session teleportation between these environments. It optimizes workflow by managing session state and context when switching between web, CLI, or mobile. Use it for complex projects requiring different tools at various stages.

View skill